This thesis comprises a systematic approach for the evaluation of the reverse water gas shift chemical looping rwgscl process for co2 utilization. Journal of environmental chemical engineering 2018, 6 4, 49454952. Scheme of the reactor thermodynamic modeling of water gas shift reaction in supercritical water e. How do you design a high temperature water gas shift reactor.
Integration of methane steam reforming and water gas shift. Catalytic reverse water gas shift reaction was conducted in an electric field denoted as erwgs over various catalysts at low temperature as 423 k. Improving feal2o3 catalysts for the reverse watergas shift. Water gas shift wgs reaction refers to an industrially important reaction in which carbon monoxide reacts with steam to produce hydrogen and carbon dioxide 1. By assessing the maximum possible oxygen storage capacity and by calculating the reaction equilib. Catalyst development for watergas shift 193 table 1. Atieh ranjbar, abdullah irankhah, seyed foad aghamiri. The watergas shift reaction is a step used in production of. On the mechanism of lowtemperature water gas shift reaction on copper. Evaluation of alternate water gas shift configurations for. Development of nimoal2o3 catalyst for reverse water gas shift rwgs reaction. Background analysis to module design and development.
The formate derived from association of h2 and co2 is proposed to. Analysis of design variables for watergasshift reactors by. Scheme of the reactor thermodynamic modeling of watergas shift reaction in supercritical water e. New catalyst for the h 2 production by water gas shift reaction processes tesi di dottorato di ricerca in chimica industriale settore chim04 presentata da dr. Once the kinetics is known, the reactor design can be made based on material balance.
Eric grol office of systems, analyses and planning 4123865463 national energy technology laboratory l. Co2selective water gas shift membrane reactor for fuel cell. This presentation does not contain any proprietary, confidential, or otherwise restricted information. Sep 28, 2009 water gas shift reactor design 24,004 views. Eric grol, netl wenching yang, research and development solutions, llc saic netl contact. Then it was promoted with ni ions to produce nimoal2o3 catalyst. In particular, we have developed a multicomponent fecucsal 2 o 3 catalyst able to reach high levels of co 2 conversions and complete selectivity to co at various reaction conditions temperature and space velocities. In this configuration, the syngas stream, composed by co, co 2, and h 2 and fed to the methanol synthesis reactor, is produced by means of a reversewatergasshift by which a co 2 stream is partially converted in carbon monoxide. An industrial case, petrochemicals, vivek patel, intechopen, doi. Basic objectives in design of a reactor in chemical engineering physical operations such as fluid flow, heat transfer, mass transfer and separation processes play a very large part. Watergas shift reaction industrial process britannica.
For an ideal cstr reactor, the residence time required for the reaction is given by. The formate derived from association of h2 and co2 is proposed to be the. Low temperature catalytic reverse water gas shift reaction. This technology can be used by itself or as a process step. Operate at 350 550oc chemically stable in h 2 s, thermally stable at 400 oc hydrogen permeance 5x107 molm2. Sep 19, 2016 additionally, a surface plot of co concentration through the reactor module is shown in figure 8 to illustrate the effect of the water gas shift catalyst. Depending on the reaction conditions, the equilibrium for the water gas shift. The second reactor performs two carbon formation reactions as shown in eqs. Co2 conversion by reverse water gas shift catalysis nsfpar. Thus the conventional series of ht and lt shift reactors with heat recovery between the beds is placed by a single reactor with built in steam generation. The reverse watergas shift reaction rwgs reaction was discovered in the 19th century as a method of producing water from carbon.
Modeling of water gas shift membrane reactor shows reactor length cm c o mo le f r a c t io n 9. The carbon dioxide is removed by dissolving it in water at a pressure of about ten atmospheres. Water gas shift most hydrogen plants convert co to co2 by hightemperature water gas shift hts followed by lowtemperature water gas shift lts. In comparison with the reaction of co2 alone, hydrogen can significantly promote the co formation in the rwgs reaction. It is important to include the effects of other reactions in the reforming system. Demonstration of robustness and integrated operation of a. The water gas shift wgs reaction is often applied to these syn gas streams next, converting the co and added steam to carbon dioxide co. Zeolite membrane reactor for water gas shift reaction for hydrogen production jerry y.
Within such a context, this work evaluates the technical performance of a novel cmr, which utilizes two catalysts in series, rather than one. Evaluation of alternate water gas shift configurations for igcc systems august 5, 2009 prepared by. Lowtemperature watergas shift reaction over cu and niloaded cerium oxide catalysts. The reverse watergas shift reaction rwgs reaction was discovered in the 19th century as a method of producing water from carbon dioxide and hydrogen, with carbon monoxide as a side product. Welcome to sudchemie india pvt ltd technical service. Azcan proceedings of the world congress on engineering and computer science 2012 vol ii wcecs 2012, october 2426, 2012, san francisco, usa isbn. Design of water gas shift converter student cheresources. The reverse water gas shift process rwgs for water and oxygen. Design of water gas shift converter posted in student.
The production process of carbon monoxide from carbon dioxide and hydrogenmethane through reverse watergas shift rwgs and dryreforming reactions was studied, identifying the most appropriate reaction conditions. Palladiumbased catalytic membrane reactors cmrs effectively remove h 2 to induce higher conversions in methane steam reforming msr and watergasshift reactions wgs. In particular, emissions resulting from the use of hydrogen as fuel contain only water, one of the reasons why that. Reverse water gas shift reaction is endothermic and. Biological watergas shift conversion of carbon monoxide. Reverse water gas shift reaction and co2 mitigation. In the present study, moal2o3 catalyst was prepared using impregnation method. Conduct forward watergas shift using a membrane reactor at favorable conditions accomplishments conducted firstever high temperature and high pressure reverse wgs reaction kinetics study determined catalytic effect of reactor shell material on wgs reaction conducted cfd simulations to determine effect of reactor geometry on. I am assigned to design a water gas shift reactor to shift the h2. Development of novel water gasshift membrane reactor.
Carbon dioxide conversion by reverse watergas shift. Packed bed membrane reactor for the water gas shift reaction. Mechanism of co formation in reverse watergas shift. Modeling of water gas shift membrane reactor shows isr the linde isothermal shift reactor isr is used for the coshift reaction and allows conversion to below 0. Analysis of design variables for watergasshift reactors.
The reverse water gas shift rwgs process is a candidate technology for water and oxygen production on mars. Co ratio to be 2, and i have researched that in order to produce methanol, only one single adiabatic high temperature water gas. The iridiumbased cativa process uses less water, which suppresses this reaction. Water gas shift reactor design linkedin slideshare. The water gas shift reaction may be an undesired side reaction in processes involving water and carbon monoxide, e. Kinetics and reactor modeling of a high temperature water. In the carbon based hydrogen production, water gas shift reaction is the intermediate step used for hydrogen enrichment and co reduction in the synthesis gas.
The rwgs reaction was first observed by carl bosch and wilhelm wild in 1914. The mechanism of the reverse watergas shift reaction over a cu catalyst was studied by co2 hydrogenation, temperatureprogrammed reduction of the cu catalyst and pulse reaction with qms monitoring. Lowpower, lightweight, ultracompact reverse water gas shift. Modeling and simulation of watergas shift reactors.
Watergas shift modeling of coal gasification in an entrained. Other articles where watergas shift reaction is discussed. In adiabatic operation mode, for achieving a co composition of 0. An innovative process scheme to produce methanol from carbon dioxide is here presented and assessed via simulation. Water gas shift in applications where scrubbed syngas hydrogencarbon monoxide h2co ratio must be increasedadjusted to meet downstream process requirements, the syngas is passed through a multistage, fixedbed reactor containing shift catalysts to convert co and water into additional h2 and carbon dioxide co2 according to the following reaction known as the water gas shift wgs reaction. T1 low temperature catalytic reverse water gas shift reaction assisted by an electric field. The water gas shift reaction is an important reaction in the fuel reformer because of the reactors size. The net reaction, called the bosch process, is shown in eq 5. In the context of sustainable syngas production, the reverse watergas shift rwgs reaction is of high importance, as it converts co 2 to co with the help of process heat and hydrogen. Catalyst development for watergas shift 191 not the primary reaction, it must be considered in methanol synthesis, hydrocarbon conversion by reforming, fischer tropsch synthesis, automotive exhaust catalysis, and selective co oxidation for fuel cells. Rwgs uses carbon dioxide and hydrogen as reactants to produce oxygen and carbon monoxide with a copper on alumina catalyst. Water gas shift reaction kinetics and reactor modeling for. In any manufacturing process where there is a chemical change.
The book explains the development of catalysts for water gas shift wgs reaction at different temperatures and steamco ratios, and also discussing the effect of different dopants on the wgs activity of iron oxide and. Study of the reverse water gas shift and dryreforming reactions conditions in a fixed bed reactor at most, to a ring of fou r times the radius of the metallic particles. At first, co is generated on the first msr catalyst bed section, followed by its consumption by the wgs reaction zone. In this configuration, the syngas stream, composed by co, co 2, and h 2 and fed to the methanol synthesis reactor, is produced by means of a reverse water gas shift by which a co 2 stream is partially converted in carbon monoxide. Kinetic, experimental, modeling, and simulation studies of a catalytic high temperature 673. This paper evidences the viability of chemical recycling of co 2 via reverse water gas shift reaction using advanced heterogeneous catalysts. The reverse watergas shift reaction and the synthesis of. The wgs has been traditionally used for adjusting the h2co ratio in a syngas to meet the specifications for various final products. Development of nimoal2o3 catalyst for reverse water gas. Rwgs reactor can be used either as the sole component in a loop with an electrolyser as an infiniteleverage oxygen machine on mars, or it can be used in. Lowtemperature water gas shift reaction over cu and niloaded cerium oxide catalysts. In the context of sustainable syngas production, the reverse water gas shift rwgs reaction is of high importance, as it converts co 2 to co with the help of process heat and hydrogen.
Zeolite membrane reactor for watergasshift reaction for. On the mechanism of lowtemperature water gas shift reaction on. The kcuzn catalyst has been synthesized by the coprecipitation method coupling with impregnation method and the catalytic performances for the reverse water gas shift rwgs reaction and mixed alcohols synthesis from co2 hydrogenation have been investigated. Reactors jordan university of science and technology. The reverse water gas shift process rwgs for water. Douglas falleiros barbosa lima, fernando ademar zanella, marcelo kaminski lenzi and papa matar ndiaye march 28th 2012. Kinetic modeling of low temperature watergas shift. One possible way to shift towards a more sustainable future is to use co 2 as the main carbon source instead of fossil fuels. The watergasshift wgs reaction is often applied to these syngas streams next, converting the co and added steam to carbon dioxide co. The reverse water gas shift reaction rwgs reaction was discovered in the 19th century as a method of producing water from carbon dioxide and hydrogen, with carbon monoxide as a side product. Modeling and simulation of water gas shift reactor. Lin, henk verweij, peter smirniotis and junhang dong.
For special process design, it can be advantageous to combine these two steps to form one isothermal or adiabatic step called medium temperature shift mts. Reverse watergas shift chemical looping for syngas. Pdf study of the reverse watergas shift and dryreforming. Kinetic modeling of low temperature watergas shift reaction. Methanol production from co2 via reversewatergasshift. Study of the reverse watergas shift and dryreforming reactions conditions in a fixed bed reactor at most, to a ring of fou r times the radius of the metallic particles. Process intensification with integrated watergasshift. Co2 conversion by reverse water gas shift catalysis. Watergas shift modeling of coal gasification in an. Onestage process for water gas shift in a pdbased membrane. Furthermore, catalytic research is progressing into a material design. Mechanism of co formation in reverse watergas shift reaction.
An increase of the reactor temperature is thermodynamically unfavorable for the watergasshift reaction. The catalytic activity and product distribution depend strongly on reaction temperature, pressure, space velocity and the molar ratio. Oct 31, 2012 the water gas shift wgs reaction is the upgrading stage in the cycles of hydrogen production by, for example, steam reforming of light hydrocarbons from fossil or renewable sources. Most of the reaction rates for the water gas shift wgs reaction were obtained from experiments under simplified laboratory conditions with specific catalysts. In this study, a water gas shift membrane reactor containing both a co2selective polymeric membrane and a commercial cuznoal2o3 catalyst was developed for hydrogen processing for fuel cells, especially for the protonexchange membrane fuel cells pemfcs. A few of the reaction rates without using catalysts were obtained under supercritical water conditions, with the pressure much higher than those in a typical gasifier. By douglas falleiros barbosa lima, fernando ademar zanella, marcelo kaminski lenzi and papa matar ndiaye. Nov 08, 2007 an increase of the reactor temperature is thermodynamically unfavorable for the water gas shift reaction. Co2 valorisation via reverse watergas shift reaction. The wgsr can aid in the efficiency of fuel cells by increasing hydrogen production. This reaction limited by thermodynamics often carried out in industry to convert co, producing more hydrogen. Eliminating the lts reactor results in slightly lower hydrogen yield, but this is balanced against lower capital costs. Copper based medium temperature water gas shift catalyst. Packed bed membrane reactor for the watergas shift reaction.
Water gas shift in applications where scrubbed syngas hydrogencarbon monoxide h2co ratio must be increasedadjusted to meet downstream process requirements, the syngas is passed through a multistage, fixedbed reactor containing shift catalysts to convert co and water into additional h2 and carbon dioxide co2 according to the following reaction known as the watergas shift wgs reaction. Tom meyer 1and robert zubrin 2, 1boulder center for science and policy, p. The funders had no role in the design of the study. Packed bed membrane reactor for the water gas shift.
248 1357 492 446 522 1273 1225 1448 1353 728 1326 1131 185 279 1069 371 436 1334 993 1477 876 695 1078 376 804 159 1023 1466 1132 954 988 522 821 1133 1199